What is must? Pronunciation and usage in English

must means . Learn how to pronounce and use must through vivid examples and easy-to-understand exercises.

Definition & pronunciation of must

mustverb

/mʌst/
Definition & pronunciation of must

Okay, let's break down how to pronounce "must" in English. It's a tricky one for some learners!

Here's a breakdown:

1. The Basic Sound:

  • The "m" sound: This is a short, quick "m" as in "man."

  • The "ust" sound: This is the tricky part. It's a combination of sounds that doesn't quite exist in many other languages. Here's how to approach it:

    • Think "mist": The most helpful analogy is the word "mist." The "ust" in "must" is very similar to the "ust" in "mist."
    • Brief "uh" sound: You'll hear a very, very short, almost silent "uh" sound (like the "u" in "up") sandwiched between the "m" and the "t." It's almost like the "u" is just barely there.
    • The "t" sound: Finish with a clear "t" as in "top."

2. Putting it Together (Slowly!)

Try saying it slowly, emphasizing each part:

  • "M" (quick, like "man")
  • "Uh" (very short, almost silent)
  • "St" (clear "t" sound)

So, it sounds like: "Mist" (with a shorter, quicker “m” at the beginning).

3. Listen to Examples:

The best way to get it right is to hear it. Here are some resources:

Key Tip: Don't overemphasize the "uh" sound. It's subtle. Focus on the 'mist' similarity.

Do you want me to:

  • Repeat the pronunciation slowly and clearly?
  • Give you some practice sentences using "must"?

Usage and examples with the word must in English

Let's break down how to use "must" in English. It's a powerful word with a few different nuances, so it's important to understand them. Here's a detailed explanation:

1. Expressing Obligation/Necessity (Strongest Use)

This is the most common way people use "must." It expresses a strong obligation or necessity – something you absolutely have to do. It's stronger than "should" or "have to."

  • Example: "You must wear a seatbelt in the car." (It's the law and it’s crucial for safety.)
  • Example: "I must finish this report by tomorrow." (It's a critical deadline.)
  • Example: "Students must bring their ID cards to the exam."

2. Expressing Strong Belief/Certainty (Less Common, but Important)

“Must” can also indicate a strong belief or certainty about something, even without direct evidence. It’s often used with an assumption or inference. This is where it gets a bit trickier, and it’s important to be aware of the subtle difference from “think.”

  • Example: "She must be tired. She's been working for ten hours." (You don’t know for sure, but you strongly believe it’s likely.)
  • Example: "It must be cold outside. The windows are fogged up." (Again, based on observation.)
  • Example: “He must have missed the train; he’s late.” (You infer he missed it due to his lateness.)

Key Point about this usage: The belief isn't based on solid proof. It's a well-reasoned assumption.

3. Expressing Personal Desire (Rare, more common with “should”)

While less common, “must” can sometimes express a strong personal desire or need. However, “should” is generally the preferred word in this case.

  • Example (Less Common): "I must see that movie!" (This sounds a bit forceful; “I want to see that movie!” is usually better.)

Grammatical Rules:

  • Structure: "Must" + base form of the verb

    • You must study.
    • He must call her.

  • Negative Form: “Must not” (or “mustn’t”) – Expresses prohibition.

    • "You must not smoke here." (This is a rule prohibiting smoking.)
    • "Children must not run in the halls."

  • Question Form: “Must you?” – Expresses surprise or objection at someone's behavior.

    • “Must you always be late?”

Distinguishing "Must" from "Have to"

“Must” and “have to” are often used interchangeably, but there’s a subtle difference:

  • “Must”: Generally expresses an obligation that comes from an external source – a rule, law, or personal requirement. It feels more authoritative.

  • “Have to”: Expresses an obligation that comes from an internal source – a personal need or situation. It’s often more flexible.

  • Example: "I must wear a uniform at work." (Company rule)

  • Example: "I have to wear a uniform at work." (My personal requirement due to the job)

Here's a table summarizing the uses:

Use Meaning Strength Example
Obligation/Necessity Must, it's necessary Strong You must pay your bills.
Strong Belief/Certainty I strongly believe Strong He must be home by now.
Personal Desire (Rare) I really want Weak I must see that concert! (Better: I want to see that concert!)

Resources for further learning:

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  • Give you more examples?
  • Focus on a particular situation where you would use "must"?
  • Compare “must” with other similar words like "should" or "need"?

Synonyms for the word must

Idioms of the word must

if you must (do something)
used to say that somebody may do something but you do not really want them to
  • ‘Can I smoke?’ ‘If you must.’
  • It's from my boyfriend, if you must know.
must-see/must-read/must-have, etc.
used to tell people that something is so good or interesting that they should see, read, get it, etc.
  • Sydney is one of the world's must-see cities.
  • The magazine is a must-read in the show business world.
  • This is on my must-do list.
  • a must-have for any fan
needs must (when the Devil drives)
(saying)in certain situations it is necessary for you to do something that you do not like or enjoy

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